How do I properly design a septic tank for my home?

I'm currently in the planning stages of my house and have seriously considered the topic of septic systems for the first time. The more I read, the more I realize it's not that simple. Does the soil type, the groundwater level, the number of people living in the house, and whether it's seasonal or permanent residence really affect the outcome?

I don't want to be faced with odors, overflows, or having to redo the entire system in a couple of years. I'm looking at different design options; some recommend a simple system, while others insist on a more complex one with filtration and additional chambers. How do I choose a septic system design for my home, and is two-compartment or three-compartment better?
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